The Relevance of Aristotle’s Poetics to the World Today...

The Relevance of Aristotle’s Poetics to the World Today The Canadian novelist Michael Ondaatje, in his last novel titled In the Skin of a Lion, wrote that the first sentence of every novel should be: Trust me, this will take time but there is order here, very faint, very human (Ondaatje 223). Ondaatje noted that what makes a novel a novel is order or, as that order is sometimes referred to today, plot and structure. It is that structure that we, as both the audience and the artist, rely on to understand and appreciate a work of art. But, even though Ondaatje noticed the order necessary, he did not do what has been done before--offer an explanation, or rather, a definition of that order. Over two-thousand years before†¦show more content†¦In other words, a work of art must contain a single, unified plot. The other two unities that, although not the exact words of Aristotle, can be assumed from his writings, are the unities of time and of place. Based collectively on these three unities, the neo-classical definition of art st ates that a play, or a novel, or any work of art, must have a single plot, take place in a twenty-four hour period of time, and only in locations that can be realistically achieved in the twenty-four hour limitation (Harmon 495). Along these same lines, Aristotle adds that art must have a beginning, middle, and end and must stress the universal rather than the peculiar. The second, and perhaps most well-known of Aristotles theories, is his idea of catharsis. Aristotle says that the tragedy, or, as will be shown later, any type of art must have an emotional effect on its audience and through pity and fear effect a catharsis; that is, by the plays end, the audiences emotions should be purged, purified, or clarified (Aristotle 42). In doing this, the artist must give close attention to diction or language itself, be it in verse, prose, or song, but ultimately, it is the thoughts expressed through language that are of the utmost concern. Now that a few of the major theories of Aristotle have been closely examined, theShow MoreRelatedA Critical Note on New Historicism Essay2751 Words   |  12 Pagesof criticism is termed as Hellenic, means Greek, period of criticism. Plato’s Republic is looked upon as the first critical book in which he expresses the ideas regarding the literary and poetic process. It is then Aristotle who in real sense commenced the critical journey still potent and pervasive. His Poetics has proved an immortal foundation stone of criticism for the proceeding centuries, and it has caloured thoughts and talents of almost all the critics and theorists irrespective of languageRead MoreThe Defense of Poetry and An Apology for Poetry2888 Words   |  11 Pagesholding it to be self-evident. In considering how convincingly Sidney makes his argument, it is important to explore and challenge this premise. Perhaps the best contender for a role of equal value in literature is that of catharsis. Aristotle’s poetics, from which the term first appeared, defines the process of catharsis as using vicarious experience through literature and drama to guide the audience through negative emotions and therefore ‘effecting the proper purgation of these emotionsRead MoreThe Educated Imagination3194 Words   |  13 Pagesenvironment: â€Å"the world as it is.† This language produces conversation. 2. â€Å"The language of practical sense† is our means of â€Å"social participation,† our means of taking part in our civilization. This language produces information. 3. â€Å"The language of literature† is our means of entering the world of imagination: â€Å"the world we want to have.† This language produces poetry, first of all. Science and literature move in opposite directions. Science begins with the external world and adds imagination

Essay College Athletes Should Be Paid - 1461 Words

A question that has been rising to the surface lately is â€Å"should college athletes be paid a salary?† One cannot get on the internet now a day and not see some kind of college sport headline. The world of college sports has been changed greatly the past decade due to college athletes. These athletes make insurmountable amounts of money and an unbelievable amount of recognition for the universities. The athletes that provide and make a ton of revenue for the colleges also spend a huge amount of their time practicing and staying committed to sports, and have to maintain good grades in school which requires quite a bit of overtime. Because college athletes generate massive amounts of revenue and put in massive amounts of personal time for†¦show more content†¦Horace Mitchell, President of California State University-Bakersfield, NCAA Division I Board of Directors states â€Å"Head football coaches at the 44 NCAA Bowl Championship Series schools received on aver age $2.1 million in salaries. The highest paid public employee in 40 of the 50 U.S. states is the state universitys head football or basketball coach. At the University of Alabama, the head football coach, Nick Saban, recently signed a contract paying him $7 million per year -- more than 160 times the average wage of a Tuscaloosa public school teacher.† The amount of pay and benefits that the coaches and universities receive because of the players is so substantial and just plain unfair. The players put the coaches on the radar and make great amounts of endorsement deals while the players themselves still struggle to get through college with hardly any money to spend. People say that college is a lot of work; just imagine having to commit time to a sport in college as well. College athletes should be rewarded for all the overtime they have to do to make up school work. College athletes have to spend a crazy amount of time being committed to a sport. They have to do team wo rkouts, practice for so many hours per day, and then there are still games on top of all the hours put in. College athletes spend from thirty to forty hours per week on just sports alone. Even when the sport that the athleteShow MoreRelatedShould College Athletes Be Paid?1289 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout the years college sports have been about the love of the game, filled with adrenaline moments. However, the following question still remains: Should college athletes get paid to play sports in college? Seemingly, this debate has been endless, yet the questions have gone unanswered. The National Collegiate Athletics Association (NCAA) plays a vital role in this debate. The NCAA is a billion dollar industry, but yet sees that the athlete should get paid for their hard work and dedicationRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1334 Words   |  6 Pagesrising to the surface is â€Å"Should college athletes be paid?†. This has become a burning question. The NCAA is a mul tibillion-dollar industry, that makes millions, if not billions, in revenue. Yet it’s still maintains the non-profit status meaning that the industry is not set on making a profit and none of the revenue that is made is distributed to its members, managers, or officers. While most players who play in college sports are under a scholarship, that pays for the college tuition, books, and housingRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1578 Words   |  7 PagesAshay Mehta Nou Per 8 Should College Athletes Be Paid? One of the hottest debates in the sports industry is if college athletes should be paid. If you want to pay these athletes, how would the college determine the dollar amount that should be paid? Should the basketball team make more than the football team? Should the the soccer team be paid as well? Cheerleading? Chess team? Should everyone on the team get a salary? What if your college is good at football and your basketball team is awfulRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1398 Words   |  6 Pagesbelieve that college athletes at the highest performing schools are better treated than others. Although they do not get paid, they do receive some benefits for being athletes that other students would not get. One advantage for playing a sport is access to scholarships that some schools reserve for their athletes. Depending on the school and the athlete’s performance, money towards tuition is often given. Only some schools are willing to grant â€Å"full-ride† scholar ships for certain athletes. AccordingRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1364 Words   |  6 PagesHave you paid attention to all of the news that has been surfacing about collegiate sports lately? It is a big topic now days in the world of sports on weather college athletes should be getting paid to play sports. College athletics have gained great popularity of the past few decades, and have brought schools lots of revenue. A lot of college athletes think they should be getting paid for their services they do for their school. College sports like basketball and football generate over six billionRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1130 Words   |  5 PagesWhat college athlete would not want to be paid to play the sport that he or she loves? The real question is, though, should college athletes be paid for their roles in a college’s athletics? They are many points to each side of this recent controversial topic, which is why this has been made into such a hot deba te in the past couple of years. As of right now, these athletes are not getting paid, but many of them truly believe that they should. Others believe that they already are being paid throughRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?986 Words   |  4 PagesPaying the College Athlete The college athlete has steadily grown in popularity in the United States over the span of the past decades. Monetarily speaking, this increased publicity has been extremely beneficial for National Athletic Association (NCAA) and all the colleges involved in athletics which has sparked the dispute of whether or not the athlete should be paid for their hard work and dedication on the field and to their school or if the athletic scholarship is more than enough. College athletesRead MoreCollege Athletes Should Not Be Paid1558 Words   |  7 Pagesstudent-athletes participate in a variety of different sports, and currently they do not receive paychecks for their performances. College athletics have attained an extensive popularity increase among Americans over the past few decades. This has resulted into increased revenues for the National Collegiate Athletic Association [NCAA] and the participating colleges, which has fuelled the debate of whether or not college athletes should colle ct an income. College athletes should not be paid to playRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid? Essay1739 Words   |  7 PagesShould College Athletes Be Paid to Play? The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) governs all laws regarding college sports under the Division I, Division II, and Division III conferences. Its sole purpose is to protect student-athletes on and off the field, and regulate all games and scholarships affiliated with the students. Right now there are 1,121 colleges and universities under the NCAA (NCAA, n.d.), leaving a chunk of schools out—those who do not participate in Division I, II,Read MoreCollege Athletes Should Be Paid1254 Words   |  6 PagesSome college athletic departments are as wealthy as professional sports teams. The NCAA has an average annual revenue of $10.6 billion dollars. College athletes should be paid because of the amount of revenue that they bring to their college. Each individual college should pay its athletes based on how much revenue they bring to the college in which they attend. The colleges that win their Division title, their Conference title, or the National championship, give bonuses to the Head coach of that

Organizational Culture of Pandora Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Organizational Culture of Pandora. Answer: A recent media event hinted at Pandoras lay off 5 percent of its employees in order to save $45 million annually as reported on January 4, 2018, in Variety online portal. The massive elimination has no doubt set a particularly bad example to the other employees aspiring to start off their careers with Pandora (Spangler, 2018). Market analysts have pointed towards their poor management system which is propelling them to incorporate the step in order to save operational costs. One of the most revolutionized aspects would be that the company would now be concentrating more in technology and innovation. One of the essential concepts illustrated as a result of Pandoras decision is restructuring of employees in order to adjust to the first changing pattern of consumer demands. However, the restructuring of employees would help them to partner and promote their products in a more efficient manner to increase its global sale. According to researchers, employee restructuring can have an adver se impact on employer branding which conveys career expectations to the outer community in the light of work, employer relationships and the like. It is also a breach in the organizational commitment. The concept restructuring of employees is inter-related with the organizational theory which is concerned with the internal proceedings of an organization for instance whether it is acting in sync with its long-term organizational goals (Shah, Irani Sharif, 2017). Results have shown that restructuring is crucial to implement new programs and reshuffle priorities, modify growth strategy and grow revenue. A number of HRM issues come to the forefront at this stage in the organizational culture of Pandora which is the de-motivation of the remaining employees and a diminished sense of commitment towards the organization. However, the same can led to a number of unfavorable results like employee disagreement and intolerance to adapt to the new change. It can shrink the morale of the employees, the operation of which ensures for excellent employee performance eradicating hindrances like absenteeism from job and etc. the Resource Based View nonetheless emphasizes on the need for restructuring in order to provide the organization with a competitive advantage in the market (Hitt, Carnes Xu, 2016). The resources are after all allocated to a firm in order to add profit and make the performance more success driven. Organizational restructuring that has taken place inside the organizational structure of Pandora was implanted to improve the productivity and effectiveness. Organizational restructuring within Pandora gave birth to a swift organizational re-design and the prevention of loss of amenities. The strategy has a resounding global success especially in the U.S market, where it is reported that around 3 million jobs have been eliminated annually to gain competitive market. Likewise, senior officials at Pandora hope the restructuring will help them to invest more to facilitate growth and adapt strategic policies to act swifter in times of crisis. It is the responsibility of the HRM to ensure that the current action of downsizing the company is not affecting the brand image or the productivity rate of Pandora. It has a crucial impact on the internal branding and on the intricate relationship between individual career needs and organizational relationships. The concept of restructuring also has an impact on the relationship between the employer and the employee which misbalances the implied obligations on the part of both parties. However, the fact that Pandoras revenue growth has been a sprawling success, as Pandora has witnessed improvement in market share by 1.89 percent only hints at the organizations efficient HRM practices and strategies (Forbes Welcome, 2018): Effective two-way communication- a two way communication process fosters communication as it ensures a prompt response of employee feedback and complaints by the management authorities. The flow of information and adequate response between the seniors and subordinates gives room for clarification and respect from the end of both parties. Employee motivation- employee motivation is directly proportional in increasing productivity, after all they are the firm pillars on which the success of an organization depends (Omolo, 2015). According to Maslow theory of motivation, he has developed a hierarchy that influences an employees productivity, they are physiological, security, social needs, respect and trust and personal development (Anderson, 2014). Pandora has implemented these strategies to extract the best possible results as a consequence of restructuring of employees. The above stated practice of restructuring can indeed have a controversial outcome if the above theories are not properly implemented in the organizational framework. It can cause the company a loss of talent, loss in key information and knowledge due to downsizing and a possible breakdown of trust and confidence. Eliminating manpower should be a last resort of company in order to maintain its brand image and employee loyalty. References: Anderson, A. (2014). Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. The Prairie Light Review, 36(2), 7. Forbes Welcome. (2018). Forbes.com. Retrieved 5 February 2018, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/greatspeculations/2014/07/22/pandora-earnings-preview-growing-market-share-and-improving-monetization-in-focus/#23eab2adada3 Hitt, M. A., Carnes, C. M., Xu, K. (2016). A current view of resource based theory in operations management: A response to Bromiley and Rau. Journal of Operations Management, 41(10), 107-109. Omolo, P. A. (2015). Effect of motivation on employee performance of commercial banks in Kenya: A case study of Kenya Commercial Bank in Migori County. International journal of human resource studies, 5(2), 87-103. Shah, N., Irani, Z., Sharif, A. M. (2017). Big data in an HR context: Exploring organizational change readiness, employee attitudes and behaviors. Journal of Business Research, 70, 366-378. Spangler, T. (2018). Pandora Laying Off 5% of Its Employees. Variety. Retrieved 5 February 2018, from https://variety.com/2018/digital/news/pandora-layoffs-5-percent-workforce-1202683446/

Introduction to Sordaria Lab Report Essay Example

Introduction to Sordaria Lab Report Paper The lab experiment examined meiosis and genetic diversity through the model organism, Sardinia familial. Meiosis is part of the sexual life cycle and occurs in all sexually reproducing organisms. It is a method of cell division that produces gametes. Meiosis has two parts: meiosis I and meiosis II. Both parts undergo the same four stages of protease, metaphors, anapest, and Tallahassee. The process begins with one single parent diploid cell (that contain homologous chromosomes) that divides into four daughter haploid cells which each contain half the number of chromosomes that the original parent cell maintained. Both independent assortment and crossing over occur in meiosis I. Crossing over rearranges the DNA sequences that are then inherited and passed down to future offspring. This rearrangement, or recombination results in genetic variation within a species. The mechanisms controlling these crossover events are undefined. Recent existing evidence argues that harsh environmental pressures may lead to heritable changes in mechanisms controlling recombination. Much of this evidence has come from studies done at the Evolution Canyons in Israel. There are four Evolution Canyons, each of which consists of two mountain slopes with varying climates. Evolution Canyon I, located in Lower Inhale Orin, Mount Carmela, contains a south facing slope (SF) which experiences harsh climatic conditions, such as high temperatures and drought. The opposing north facing slope (NFG) is characterized by mild climatic conditions, including cooler temperatures and higher humidity. We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction to Sordaria Lab Report specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction to Sordaria Lab Report specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction to Sordaria Lab Report specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Evolution Canyon serves as a model for microinstruction and can be used to study how mutation and recombination contribute to adaptation and genetic diversity. The study published in the Genetics Journal and referred to in the logy laboratory manual studied whether there is a natural genetic variation for recombination frequencies and whether it correlates to environmental conditions and adaptation. The research was conducted on Evolution Canyon I and focused on the fungi organism, Sardinia familial. Several asexual filaments of S. Nicola were collected on different levels of each slope. The specimens were grown in the laboratory, where wild type spores from these crosses were then self-crossed to create a second generation of wild type spores. First, the filaments were grown on cornmeal agar with sodium acetate at 18 degrees and hen crosses were completed on minimal medium at 17. 5 degrees. Spontaneous spore color mutations appeared as non-black spores in the wild type strains. Also , the researchers plated the parenthetic (the fruiting body of the S. Nicola that contains acceptors) on growth medium containing sacrificial (a fungicide) and spontaneous sacrificial-resistant mutants formed. The strains were used to study varying mutation frequencies of wild type strains from the two different slopes on Evolution Canyon. Also, these strains were used to study the variations in crossover and gene conversion frequencies on the two opposing slopes. Their exults revealed that wild type strains from the SF experienced higher mutation rates than those strains obtained from the NFG. Although much less apparent, there were also slight differences in crossover frequencies within slopes. The results provide evidence that mechanisms controlling mutation and recombination may adapt heritable changes in response to the harsh climatic demands, particularly with the SF. Therefore, increased genetic diversity within a species may depend on the organisms environmental conditions. By understanding the factors controlling recombination, more can be known about genetic variation within a species.